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Alan Kardec

Allan Kardec was the pen name of the French author Hippolyte Léon Denizard Rivail, the founder of Spiritism and the author of the five books on the subject known as The Spiritist Codification.

Gurdjieff deliberately misspells his first name—instead writing Alan. It is not clear why. Allan means “harmony, stone, or noble” and also “fair and handsome.” It was originally a saint’s name.

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